- Department of State, (Directorate of Defense Trade Controls)
- The Department of State’s International Traffic in Arms Regulations govern defense articles and services, as well as all space launch related items and activities. Items, technology, and software controlled by the ITAR are enumerated on the U.S. Munitions List.
- Department of Commerce, (Bureau of Industry and Security)
- The Commerce Department’s Export Administration Regulations govern “dual-use” items. These are items having both civilian and military or defense applications. Items, software, and technology controlled under the EAR are listed on the Commerce Control List.
- Department of the Treasury, Office of Foreign Asset Controls (OFAC)
- The Department of Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Controls governs exports and other transactions with economically embargoed countries and parties as well as those designated as sponsoring terrorism.
- Exports of specific items, materials, and/or biologics may also be regulated by other agencies such as: DOE, NRC, FDA, USDA/ APHIS, etc.